Local neurotoxicity of epidural clofelin.

Morphological and quantitative histoenzymological changes in neurons of dog spinal cord and spinal ganglion were studied in acute and chronic experiments with epidural administration of 0.01% clofelin. No morphofunctional changes were revealed after bolus injection of clofelin in a single dose of 6.5 mg/kg. After administration of clofelin in a daily dose of 15 microg/kg for 14 days permeability of capillaries in the nervous tissue decreased at the site of injection, but increased in intact areas. Compensatory changes in energy supply to neurons manifested in activation of aerobic and anaerobic oxidation. Sufficient level of nucleic acids synthesis confirms qualitative validity of nervous cells. Epidural clofelin did not cause dystrophy and necrosis in neurons of the spinal and spinal ganglion.

Morphofunctional changes in spinal cord neurons after epidural lidocaine.

Morphofunctional and histoenzymological changes in spinal cord neurons of mongrel dogs were studied after epidural administration of isobaric 2% lidocaine solution. Control animals received epidural 0.9% sodium chloride. The results obtained from these studies provide evidence for the absence of pathological structural-metabolic changes in nerve tissue after treatment with lidocaine. The occurrence of certain morphofunctional rearrangements in spinal cord neurons were typical of animals of both the experimental and control groups. The changes recorded varied within the limits of physiological variation and provided evidence predominantly of the functional response of these nerve tissue structures to epidural injections of both sodium chloride and lidocaine.

[Local neurotoxicity of isobaric 2% solution of lidocaine at epidural administration]. / Mestnaia neirotoksichnost' izobaricheskogo 2% rastvora lidokaina pri épidural'nom vvedenii.

The morphological and histoenzymological changes in the spinal neurons and spinal ganglia of dogs were analyzed after epidural administration of a 2% solution of lidocaine in acute and chronic experiments. In the control group the animals were given epidural infusions of 0.9% saline. The results obtained have shown the absence of pathological structural and metabolic changes in the nervous tissue after lidocaine injection. Certain signs of morpho-functional reorganization were noted in the spinal neurons of animals in both experimental and control groups. The registered changes were found to vary within the physiological fluctuation limits and are rather indicative of the functional reaction of the nervous tissue structures in question to the epidural injections of either saline or lidocaine.

[Evaluation of the local neurotoxicity of lidocaine following epidural administration]. / Otsenka mestnoi neirotoksichnosti lidokaina pri épidural'nom vvedenii.

The morphological and histoenzymological changes in spinal neuron and in the spinal ganglia of outbred dogs were analyzed in the epidural administration of 2% solution of lydocaine. The results showed a lack of pathological or structural-and-metabolic changes in the nervous tissue. The morpho-functional reshaping occurring in the spinal cord cells and in the spinal ganglia was in line with that when the 0.9% solution of sodium chloride was in use. The registered changes ranging within the physiological deviations' limits witnessed to a functional reaction of the studied nervous-tissue structures to epidural drugs' injections.

[Morpho-functional changes of the spinal cord neurons after epidural administration of lidocaine]. / Morfofunktsional'nye izmeneniia v neironakh spinnogo mozga posle epidural'nogo vvedeniia lidokaina.

The analysis of morphological and histoezymological changes of spinal cord neurons has been performed in outbred dogs following epidural infusion of isobaric 2% lidocaine solution. In the control group the animals received epidural infusion of 0.9% saline. The results obtained indicate the absence of pathological structural and metabolic changes in the nervous tissue after lidocaine application. Certain signs of morpho-functional reorganization were noted in spinal cord neurons of animals in both experimental and control groups. The registered changes were found to vary within the physiological fluctuation limits and are rather indicative of the functional reaction of the studied structures of the nervous tissue to the epidural injections of either saline and lidocaine.

Effect of epidural infusion of isobaric 2% lidocaine on spinal cord ganglionic neurons.

We analyzed morphological and histoenzymologic changes in spinal cord ganglionic neurons of mongrel dogs caused by epidural infusion of isobaric 2% lidocaine. Lidocaine produced no pathological structural and metabolic alterations in the nervous tissue. Both epidural infusion of 0.9% NaCl and lidocaine produced some morphofunctional rearrangements in spinal ganglionic neurons. These alterations were within the limits of physiological norm and probably attested to functional response of the examined nerve tissue structures to epidural infusion.

Effect of epidural injection of prosidol with clonidine on the state of spinal cord and spinal ganglion.

Morphological and histoenzymatic changes in cells of the spinal cord and spinal ganglia after epidural injection of a combination of prosidol with clonidine were studied on dogs. No pathological structural and metabolic changes in the nervous tissue were found after combined treatment with the test drugs. Higher activity of nucleic acids and alkaline phosphatase in spinal neurons and spinal ganglion in experimental animals in comparison with those in controls indicates intensification of protein synthesis and active transport in the endothelium of nerve tissue capillaries, which is a favorable factor.

[Analysis of morphological changes in the spinal cord and ganglia of dogs after epidural administration of prosidol, clopheline and prosidol-clopheline combination]. / Analiz morfologicheskikh izmenenii spinnogo mozga i spinno-mozgovogo gangliia sobak posle épidural'nogo vvedeniia prosidola, klofelina i kombinatsii proosidola s klofelinom.

Experiments were carried out on 22 mongrel dogs (12-20 kg). Group 1 consisted of 5 dogs to which prosidol in a dose of 0.65 mg/kg was injected epidurally; group 2, 5 dogs, clofelin (6.5 micrograms/kg) epidurally; group 3, 5 dogs, prosidol (0.65 mg/kg) + clofelin (6.5 micrograms/kg) epidurally. Control groups were as follows: 1) 5 intact dogs; 2) 2 dogs epidurally injected with 0.9% normal saline. Analysis of the spinal cord and ganglia in control groups showed no dystrophic changes in neurons. After epidural injections of prosidol, clofelin, or both only solitary cells with degenerative changes were detected or none at all. Nissle granules were evenly distributed in the cytoplasm of anterior and posterior spinal horn neurons in all control and experimental animals. The majority of ganglious cells in control and experiment had the nucleus and nucleolus. Hence, morphological analysis showed that epidural injection of prosidol, clofelin, and a combination of both caused no degenerative or necrobiotic changes in the anterior and posterior spinal horn neurons and in ganglious cells of spinal ganglia.

[Enzymatic activity in spinal cord neurons after epidural administration of clopheline in dogs]. / Aktivnost' fermentov v neironakh tkani spinnogo mozga posle épidural'nogo vvedeniia klofelina u sobak.

Time course of the major enzymes (SDH, LDH, GPDHcyt, GPDHmit, AP) and protein synthesis (DNA, RNA) in spinal neurons and spinal ganglia after epidural injection of clofelin were studied in an acute experiment on dogs. No physiological or neurological disorders or depriming effect of clofelin on the major enzymatic systems and protein synthesis in nervous tissue of dogs were detected. Increased activity of AP in the spinal white and gray matter is worthy of note, which indicates intensification of active transport in spinal capillary epithelium after epidural injection of clofelin.

[Morphological and histochemical changes in the spinal cord after epidural administration of prosidol in dogs]. / Morfologicheskie i gistokhimicheskie izmeneniia v spinnom mozge posle épidural'nogo vvedeniia prosidola u sobak.

Morphological, histochemical, and histoenzymatic changes in the nervous tissue of the spine and spinal ganglia after epidural injection of narcotic analgetic prosidol were studied in acute experiment on 12 mongrel dogs. No negative effect of prosidol on neuronal structure and nervous tissue microcirculatory bed were observed in experimental vs. control animals. The type of changes and their direction in various compartments of the nervous system (spine and spinal ganglia) were similar in control and experimental animals.

[Some regularities of morphological changes in liver tissue exposed to electricity]. / Nekotorye zakonomernosti morfologicheskikh izmenenii tkani pecheni pri élektrovozdeistvii.

An experimental investigation of the character and spread of morphological and histological alterations in the liver was performed in order to follow their dependence on the regimen of using an electrosurgical apparatus for resection and coagulation of the liver tissue.

[Pancreatic juice peptides as possible regulators of reparative processes in the pancreas in acute and chronic pancreatitis]. / Peptidy podzheludochnogo soka kak vozmozhnye reguliatory reparativnykh protsessov v podzheludochnoi zheleze pri ostrom i khronicheskom pankreatite.

The experiments were performed on 34 dogs. The subcutaneous injection of boiled pancreatic juice was established to increase the survival of dogs in acute destructive pancreatitis (p < 0.001) and to decrease the specific volume damage to acinar (p < 0.01) and interstitial (p < 0.05) pancreatic tissue. It was also shown that boiled pancreatic autojuice exerted the therapeutic effect in chronic pancreatitis complicated by pancreatic fistulas. Five peptide components with a molecular mass from 4168 D to 1000 were discovered in the canine boiled pancreatic juice by liquid high pressure chromatography. Fractions with a molecular mass between 2187 and 1348 D were found to correspond to biologically active peptides, in particular to somatostatin. It is assumed that the therapeutic effect of boiled pancreatic juice used in acute pancreatitis may be due to somatostatin. Apparently pancreatic juice may turn an efficient therapeutic agent in acute pancreatitis and pancreatic fistulas.

[Na,K-Atpase in renal tissue of rats in the dynamics of experimental nephritis]. / Aktivnost' Na-K-ATFazy v pochechnoi tkani krys v dinamike éksperimental'nogo nefrita.

The authors undertook comparative study of the Na, K-ATPase activity in the red cells, ghost corpuscles, and in the cortex and medulla of kidneys of rats with experimental glomerulonephritis (GN) induced by injection of nephrotoxic serum (NTS), during an acute course of the process (1 and 2 weeks after NTS injection) and in chronic affection of the kidneys (10 weeks after NTS injection). The activity of the enzyme both in the red cells and in the ghost corpuscles was reduced significantly, by 28 and 22%, respectively, in the acute period of the disease (one week after NTS injection) but was restored to normal values in the period of chronic affection of the kidneys. The activity of the enzyme did not change in the cortex during the whole period of the study, but in the medulla it diminished in the acute period of the disease and remained reduced (by 27% on the average) during the chronic phase. It is concluded that reduction of the enzyme activity in the studied objects was not caused by the presence of endogenous inhibitors of the enzyme. It is suggested that reduction of Na, K-ATPase activity in the renal medulla may be one of the factors of increase of Na and water excretion in the urine in the chronic phase of GN.

[Paraspecific changes in the kidney in experimental tuberculosis of extrapulmonary localization]. / Paraspetsificheskie izmeneniia pochek pri vnelegochnykh lokalizatsiiakh tuberkuleza v éksperimente.

The renal specimens from experimental animals infected and exposed to antigenic materials (killed mycobacteria) by various routes with and without specific sensitization were examined histologically and morphometrically. Under all the experimental conditions, there were impairments associated with immune inflammation in the renal tissue: increased capillary permeability, interstitial lymphohistocytic infiltration and sclerosis and secondary lesions in the renal tubules. The renal dysfunction observed in patients with tuberculosis of various localization can be associated with such affections.

[Immediate results of the use of microsurgical technics in the treatment of cancer of the large intestine (clinical and experimental study)]. / Neposredstvennye resul'taty ispol'zovaniia mikrokhirurgicheskoi tekhniki v lechenii raka tolstoi kishki (kliniko-éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

The analysis of the results of 74 experiments involving large bowel resection for intestinal obstruction in rabbits demonstrated advantages offered by microsurgical procedures intended to form large bowel anastomosis. The results were used in clinical practice. The immediate results of surgery, postoperative complications and lethality were evaluated in 133 cases of large bowel cancer (anastomosis formed by microtechnique-67; by standard procedures-66). In group I, heart-lung complications resulted in one death (lethality-1.5%); group II--in 18, 13 of them being caused by anastomotic leakage and peritonitis development (lethality-27.3%). It was clinically confirmed that precision formation of large bowel anastomosis by microsurgery prevents suture failure--the main factor of postoperative lethality.

[Primary immunodeficiency state in a child with the pulmonary hypertension syndrome]. / Pervichnoe immunodefitsitnoe sostoianie u rebenka s sindromom legochnoi gipertenzii.

A girl aged 2 years and 10 months repeatedly suffered viral (thrice) and bacterial (colitis, salmonellosis, pneumonia 6 times) infections. At an age of 2 years primary pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed. Diagnostic catheterization was performed to exclude a congenital heart disease. The death occurred during the catheterization. An increase of beta-lymphocytes and plasma cells, a reduction of the T-lymphocyte zone were detected in the immunocompetent system during postmortem histological examination. The pathology diagnosis: primary immunodeficiency with a predominant suppression of cell-mediated immunity; hyperplasia of the lymph nodes with their plasmacytization; pneumosclerosis of all lobes of both lungs (a syndrome of primary pulmonary hypertension clinically); hypertrophy of the muscles of both atria and right ventricle, dilation of the heart cavities; acute heart insufficiency.